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grip_hook.git

grip_hook.git

Thin wrapper around the git CLI: repository discovery and diff collection.

LS_REMOTE_TIMEOUT module-attribute 

LS_REMOTE_TIMEOUT = 15.0

Seconds to wait for git ls-remote before trusting the local remote-tracking refs.

PushedRef dataclass

One line of the pre-push hook's stdin.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
class PushedRef:
    """One line of the ``pre-push`` hook's stdin."""

    local_ref: str
    local_sha: str
    remote_ref: str
    remote_sha: str

    @classmethod
    def parse(cls, line: str) -> PushedRef | None:
        """Parse ``<local ref> <local sha> <remote ref> <remote sha>``; ``None`` if malformed."""
        parts = line.split()
        if len(parts) != 4:
            return None
        return cls(*parts)

    @property
    def is_delete(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` when the push deletes the remote ref."""
        return self.local_sha == ZERO_SHA

    @property
    def is_new(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` when the remote ref does not exist yet."""
        return self.remote_sha == ZERO_SHA

is_delete property 

is_delete: bool

True when the push deletes the remote ref.

is_new property 

is_new: bool

True when the remote ref does not exist yet.

parse classmethod 

parse(line: str) -> PushedRef | None

Parse <local ref> <local sha> <remote ref> <remote sha>; None if malformed.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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@classmethod
def parse(cls, line: str) -> PushedRef | None:
    """Parse ``<local ref> <local sha> <remote ref> <remote sha>``; ``None`` if malformed."""
    parts = line.split()
    if len(parts) != 4:
        return None
    return cls(*parts)

Diff dataclass

A collected diff, ready to be sent to a provider.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
class Diff:
    """A collected diff, ready to be sent to a provider."""

    description: str
    """Human-readable description of what is being diffed, e.g. ``staged changes``."""

    stat: str
    """Output of ``git diff --stat``."""

    patch: str
    """The unified diff, possibly truncated."""

    files: tuple[str, ...]
    """Changed paths after exclusions."""

    truncated: bool = False

    context: str = ""
    """Optional text about the task the diff solves, shown to the model as data."""

    @property
    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
        """``True`` when there is nothing to quiz about."""
        return not self.patch.strip()

    @property
    def digest(self) -> str:
        """Stable fingerprint of the patch content, used to remember passed quizzes."""
        return hashlib.sha256(self.patch.encode("utf-8", "replace")).hexdigest()

description instance-attribute 

description: str

Human-readable description of what is being diffed, e.g. staged changes.

stat instance-attribute 

stat: str

Output of git diff --stat.

patch instance-attribute 

patch: str

The unified diff, possibly truncated.

files instance-attribute 

files: tuple[str, ...]

Changed paths after exclusions.

context class-attribute instance-attribute 

context: str = ''

Optional text about the task the diff solves, shown to the model as data.

is_empty property 

is_empty: bool

True when there is nothing to quiz about.

digest property 

digest: str

Stable fingerprint of the patch content, used to remember passed quizzes.

Git

Run git commands inside one repository.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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class Git:
    """Run git commands inside one repository."""

    def __init__(self, cwd: Path | None = None) -> None:
        self.cwd = Path(cwd) if cwd else Path.cwd()

    def run(self, *args: str, check: bool = True, input_text: str | None = None) -> str:
        """Run ``git <args>`` and return stdout, raising :class:`GitError` on failure."""
        try:
            proc = subprocess.run(
                ["git", *args],
                cwd=self.cwd,
                capture_output=True,
                text=True,
                encoding="utf-8",
                errors="replace",
                input=input_text,
                check=False,
            )
        except FileNotFoundError as exc:
            raise GitError("git executable not found on PATH") from exc
        if check and proc.returncode != 0:
            detail = proc.stderr.strip() or proc.stdout.strip() or f"exit code {proc.returncode}"
            raise GitError(f"git {' '.join(args)} failed: {detail}")
        return proc.stdout

    def ok(self, *args: str) -> bool:
        """Return ``True`` when ``git <args>`` exits successfully."""
        proc = subprocess.run(["git", *args], cwd=self.cwd, capture_output=True, check=False)
        return proc.returncode == 0

    def root(self) -> Path:
        """Top-level directory of the working tree."""
        return Path(self.run("rev-parse", "--show-toplevel").strip())

    def git_dir(self) -> Path:
        """The ``.git`` directory (absolute), also correct for worktrees."""
        return Path(self.run("rev-parse", "--absolute-git-dir").strip())

    def hooks_dir(self) -> Path:
        """Where hooks live, honouring ``core.hooksPath``."""
        configured = self.run("config", "--get", "core.hooksPath", check=False).strip()
        if configured:
            path = Path(os.path.expanduser(configured))
            return path if path.is_absolute() else (self.root() / path)
        return self.git_dir() / "hooks"

    def rev_exists(self, rev: str) -> bool:
        """``True`` when ``rev`` resolves to a commit in this repository."""
        return self.ok("cat-file", "-e", f"{rev}^{{commit}}")

    def empty_tree(self) -> str:
        """The hash of the empty tree, usable as a diff base for root commits."""
        return self.run("hash-object", "-t", "tree", os.devnull).strip()

    def unpushed_base(self, local_sha: str, remote: str | None = None) -> str | None:
        """Find a base to diff ``local_sha`` against that covers every unpushed commit.

        That is the parent of the oldest commit reachable from ``local_sha`` but not from
        any remote (or from ``remote`` only, when given). When that oldest commit is a root
        commit the empty tree is returned so the whole history is covered. Returns ``None``
        when every commit is already on a remote.
        """
        not_remotes = f"--remotes={remote}" if remote else "--remotes"
        out = self.run("rev-list", "--reverse", local_sha, "--not", not_remotes, check=False)
        return self._base_before(out.split())

    def unpushed_base_live(self, local_sha: str, remote: str) -> str | None:
        """:meth:`unpushed_base` against the refs ``remote`` has now, not the local copies.

        Remote-tracking refs go stale: a branch deleted upstream after its pull request
        merged stays in ``refs/remotes`` until ``git fetch --prune``, so its commits look
        pushed when the remote no longer has them. This asks the remote with
        ``git ls-remote``. Returns ``None`` when every commit is on the remote, or when the
        remote cannot be reached (then the local refs are all there is to go on).
        """
        try:
            listed = subprocess.run(
                ["git", "ls-remote", "--heads", "--tags", remote],
                cwd=self.cwd,
                capture_output=True,
                text=True,
                encoding="utf-8",
                errors="replace",
                env={**os.environ, "GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT": "0"},
                timeout=LS_REMOTE_TIMEOUT,
                check=False,
            )
        except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
            return None
        if listed.returncode != 0:
            return None
        shas = {line.split()[0] for line in listed.stdout.splitlines() if line.strip()}
        # Only commits this repository has can be excluded; peeled tags arrive as commits.
        checked = self.run(
            "cat-file", "--batch-check", check=False, input_text="".join(f"{s}\n" for s in shas)
        )
        pushed = [
            parts[0]
            for parts in (line.split() for line in checked.splitlines())
            if len(parts) >= 2 and parts[1] == "commit"
        ]
        out = self.run(
            "rev-list",
            "--reverse",
            "--stdin",
            local_sha,
            check=False,
            input_text="".join(f"^{sha}\n" for sha in pushed),
        )
        return self._base_before(out.split())

    def default_branch(self) -> str | None:
        """The branch pull requests here merge into, as a revision (``origin/main``).

        That is what ``<remote>/HEAD`` points at, for the current branch's remote (else
        ``origin``, else the first remote), then ``<remote>/main`` or ``<remote>/master``,
        then a local ``main`` or ``master``. ``None`` when none of them exists.
        """
        remotes = self.run("remote", check=False).split()
        upstream = self.run(
            "rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "--symbolic-full-name", "@{upstream}", check=False
        ).strip()
        remote = next(
            (r for r in remotes if upstream.startswith(f"{r}/")),
            "origin" if "origin" in remotes else (remotes[0] if remotes else ""),
        )
        candidates: list[str] = []
        if remote:
            head = self.run(
                "symbolic-ref", "--quiet", "--short", f"refs/remotes/{remote}/HEAD", check=False
            ).strip()
            candidates += [head, f"{remote}/main", f"{remote}/master"]
        candidates += ["main", "master"]
        return next((c for c in candidates if c and self.rev_exists(c)), None)

    def branch_base(self, head: str = "HEAD") -> tuple[str, str] | None:
        """``(default branch, merge base)`` for ``head``: where its pull request starts.

        ``None`` when there is no default branch or it shares no history with ``head``.
        """
        default = self.default_branch()
        if default is None:
            return None
        base = self.run("merge-base", default, head, check=False).strip()
        return (default, base) if base else None

    def _base_before(self, commits: list[str]) -> str | None:
        """The parent of the oldest of ``commits`` (the empty tree for a root commit)."""
        if not commits:
            return None
        # Resolved to a hash: a ``sha^`` spelling would lose its ``^`` when shortened for
        # the description and read as ``sha..sha``.
        parent = self.run("rev-parse", "--verify", "--quiet", f"{commits[0]}^", check=False)
        return parent.strip() or self.empty_tree()

    # -- diff collection ------------------------------------------------------------------

    @staticmethod
    def _pathspec(exclude: tuple[str, ...]) -> list[str]:
        """Turn gitignore-style globs into pathspecs. Patterns without ``/`` match anywhere."""
        if not exclude:
            return []
        specs = []
        for pattern in exclude:
            anywhere = "/" not in pattern.rstrip("/")
            specs.append(f":(exclude,glob){'**/' if anywhere else ''}{pattern.lstrip('/')}")
        return ["--", ".", *specs]

    def _collect(
        self,
        description: str,
        range_args: list[str],
        exclude: tuple[str, ...],
        max_bytes: int,
    ) -> Diff:
        common = ["diff", "--no-color", "--no-ext-diff", "--find-renames", *range_args]
        spec = self._pathspec(exclude)
        names = self.run(*common, "--name-only", *spec).split("\n")
        files = tuple(n for n in names if n)
        if not files:
            return Diff(description, "", "", ())
        stat = self.run(*common, "--stat=100", *spec).rstrip()
        patch = self.run(*common, "--unified=3", "--diff-filter=ACDMRT", *spec)
        truncated = False
        if len(patch.encode("utf-8")) > max_bytes:
            encoded = patch.encode("utf-8")
            keep = encoded[:max_bytes].decode("utf-8", "ignore")
            patch = keep + _TRUNCATION_NOTE.format(omitted=len(encoded) - max_bytes)
            truncated = True
        return Diff(description, stat, patch, files, truncated)

    def staged_diff(self, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200_000) -> Diff:
        """Changes staged for the next commit."""
        return self._collect("staged changes", ["--cached"], exclude, max_bytes)

    def range_diff(
        self,
        base: str,
        head: str,
        exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (),
        max_bytes: int = 200_000,
        description: str | None = None,
    ) -> Diff:
        """Changes between two revisions (``base`` may be the empty tree)."""
        description = description or f"{_short(base)}..{_short(head)}"
        return self._collect(description, [base, head], exclude, max_bytes)

    def worktree_diff(
        self, base: str, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200_000
    ) -> Diff:
        """Everything since ``base``: commits plus staged and unstaged changes."""
        self.run("add", "--intent-to-add", "--all", ".")
        return self._collect(f"{base[:12]}..worktree", [base], exclude, max_bytes)

    def push_diff(
        self,
        refs: list[PushedRef],
        remote: str | None = None,
        exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (),
        max_bytes: int = 200_000,
    ) -> Diff:
        """Combined diff of everything a ``git push`` would send upstream."""
        parts: list[Diff] = []
        for ref in refs:
            if ref.is_delete:
                continue
            base: str | None
            if not ref.is_new and self.rev_exists(ref.remote_sha):
                base = ref.remote_sha
            else:
                base = self.unpushed_base(ref.local_sha, remote)
                if base is None and ref.is_new and remote:
                    # A new branch that looks fully pushed may only look so through stale
                    # remote-tracking refs; git would not be sending it otherwise.
                    base = self.unpushed_base_live(ref.local_sha, remote)
            if base is None:
                continue
            part = self.range_diff(base, ref.local_sha, exclude, max_bytes)
            if not part.is_empty:
                parts.append(part)
        if not parts:
            return Diff("push", "", "", ())
        if len(parts) == 1:
            return parts[0]
        patch = "\n".join(p.patch for p in parts)
        truncated = any(p.truncated for p in parts)
        if len(patch.encode("utf-8")) > max_bytes:
            patch = patch.encode("utf-8")[:max_bytes].decode("utf-8", "ignore")
            truncated = True
        files = tuple(dict.fromkeys(f for p in parts for f in p.files))
        stat = "\n\n".join(p.stat for p in parts)
        description = "push (" + ", ".join(p.description for p in parts) + ")"
        return Diff(description, stat, patch, files, truncated)

run 

run(*args: str, check: bool = True, input_text: str | None = None) -> str

Run git <args> and return stdout, raising :class:GitError on failure.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def run(self, *args: str, check: bool = True, input_text: str | None = None) -> str:
    """Run ``git <args>`` and return stdout, raising :class:`GitError` on failure."""
    try:
        proc = subprocess.run(
            ["git", *args],
            cwd=self.cwd,
            capture_output=True,
            text=True,
            encoding="utf-8",
            errors="replace",
            input=input_text,
            check=False,
        )
    except FileNotFoundError as exc:
        raise GitError("git executable not found on PATH") from exc
    if check and proc.returncode != 0:
        detail = proc.stderr.strip() or proc.stdout.strip() or f"exit code {proc.returncode}"
        raise GitError(f"git {' '.join(args)} failed: {detail}")
    return proc.stdout

ok 

ok(*args: str) -> bool

Return True when git <args> exits successfully.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def ok(self, *args: str) -> bool:
    """Return ``True`` when ``git <args>`` exits successfully."""
    proc = subprocess.run(["git", *args], cwd=self.cwd, capture_output=True, check=False)
    return proc.returncode == 0

root 

root() -> Path

Top-level directory of the working tree.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def root(self) -> Path:
    """Top-level directory of the working tree."""
    return Path(self.run("rev-parse", "--show-toplevel").strip())

git_dir 

git_dir() -> Path

The .git directory (absolute), also correct for worktrees.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def git_dir(self) -> Path:
    """The ``.git`` directory (absolute), also correct for worktrees."""
    return Path(self.run("rev-parse", "--absolute-git-dir").strip())

hooks_dir 

hooks_dir() -> Path

Where hooks live, honouring core.hooksPath.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def hooks_dir(self) -> Path:
    """Where hooks live, honouring ``core.hooksPath``."""
    configured = self.run("config", "--get", "core.hooksPath", check=False).strip()
    if configured:
        path = Path(os.path.expanduser(configured))
        return path if path.is_absolute() else (self.root() / path)
    return self.git_dir() / "hooks"

rev_exists 

rev_exists(rev: str) -> bool

True when rev resolves to a commit in this repository.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def rev_exists(self, rev: str) -> bool:
    """``True`` when ``rev`` resolves to a commit in this repository."""
    return self.ok("cat-file", "-e", f"{rev}^{{commit}}")

empty_tree 

empty_tree() -> str

The hash of the empty tree, usable as a diff base for root commits.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def empty_tree(self) -> str:
    """The hash of the empty tree, usable as a diff base for root commits."""
    return self.run("hash-object", "-t", "tree", os.devnull).strip()

unpushed_base 

unpushed_base(local_sha: str, remote: str | None = None) -> str | None

Find a base to diff local_sha against that covers every unpushed commit.

That is the parent of the oldest commit reachable from local_sha but not from any remote (or from remote only, when given). When that oldest commit is a root commit the empty tree is returned so the whole history is covered. Returns None when every commit is already on a remote.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def unpushed_base(self, local_sha: str, remote: str | None = None) -> str | None:
    """Find a base to diff ``local_sha`` against that covers every unpushed commit.

    That is the parent of the oldest commit reachable from ``local_sha`` but not from
    any remote (or from ``remote`` only, when given). When that oldest commit is a root
    commit the empty tree is returned so the whole history is covered. Returns ``None``
    when every commit is already on a remote.
    """
    not_remotes = f"--remotes={remote}" if remote else "--remotes"
    out = self.run("rev-list", "--reverse", local_sha, "--not", not_remotes, check=False)
    return self._base_before(out.split())

unpushed_base_live 

unpushed_base_live(local_sha: str, remote: str) -> str | None

:meth:unpushed_base against the refs remote has now, not the local copies.

Remote-tracking refs go stale: a branch deleted upstream after its pull request merged stays in refs/remotes until git fetch --prune, so its commits look pushed when the remote no longer has them. This asks the remote with git ls-remote. Returns None when every commit is on the remote, or when the remote cannot be reached (then the local refs are all there is to go on).

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def unpushed_base_live(self, local_sha: str, remote: str) -> str | None:
    """:meth:`unpushed_base` against the refs ``remote`` has now, not the local copies.

    Remote-tracking refs go stale: a branch deleted upstream after its pull request
    merged stays in ``refs/remotes`` until ``git fetch --prune``, so its commits look
    pushed when the remote no longer has them. This asks the remote with
    ``git ls-remote``. Returns ``None`` when every commit is on the remote, or when the
    remote cannot be reached (then the local refs are all there is to go on).
    """
    try:
        listed = subprocess.run(
            ["git", "ls-remote", "--heads", "--tags", remote],
            cwd=self.cwd,
            capture_output=True,
            text=True,
            encoding="utf-8",
            errors="replace",
            env={**os.environ, "GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT": "0"},
            timeout=LS_REMOTE_TIMEOUT,
            check=False,
        )
    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
        return None
    if listed.returncode != 0:
        return None
    shas = {line.split()[0] for line in listed.stdout.splitlines() if line.strip()}
    # Only commits this repository has can be excluded; peeled tags arrive as commits.
    checked = self.run(
        "cat-file", "--batch-check", check=False, input_text="".join(f"{s}\n" for s in shas)
    )
    pushed = [
        parts[0]
        for parts in (line.split() for line in checked.splitlines())
        if len(parts) >= 2 and parts[1] == "commit"
    ]
    out = self.run(
        "rev-list",
        "--reverse",
        "--stdin",
        local_sha,
        check=False,
        input_text="".join(f"^{sha}\n" for sha in pushed),
    )
    return self._base_before(out.split())

default_branch 

default_branch() -> str | None

The branch pull requests here merge into, as a revision (origin/main).

That is what <remote>/HEAD points at, for the current branch's remote (else origin, else the first remote), then <remote>/main or <remote>/master, then a local main or master. None when none of them exists.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def default_branch(self) -> str | None:
    """The branch pull requests here merge into, as a revision (``origin/main``).

    That is what ``<remote>/HEAD`` points at, for the current branch's remote (else
    ``origin``, else the first remote), then ``<remote>/main`` or ``<remote>/master``,
    then a local ``main`` or ``master``. ``None`` when none of them exists.
    """
    remotes = self.run("remote", check=False).split()
    upstream = self.run(
        "rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "--symbolic-full-name", "@{upstream}", check=False
    ).strip()
    remote = next(
        (r for r in remotes if upstream.startswith(f"{r}/")),
        "origin" if "origin" in remotes else (remotes[0] if remotes else ""),
    )
    candidates: list[str] = []
    if remote:
        head = self.run(
            "symbolic-ref", "--quiet", "--short", f"refs/remotes/{remote}/HEAD", check=False
        ).strip()
        candidates += [head, f"{remote}/main", f"{remote}/master"]
    candidates += ["main", "master"]
    return next((c for c in candidates if c and self.rev_exists(c)), None)

branch_base 

branch_base(head: str = 'HEAD') -> tuple[str, str] | None

(default branch, merge base) for head: where its pull request starts.

None when there is no default branch or it shares no history with head.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def branch_base(self, head: str = "HEAD") -> tuple[str, str] | None:
    """``(default branch, merge base)`` for ``head``: where its pull request starts.

    ``None`` when there is no default branch or it shares no history with ``head``.
    """
    default = self.default_branch()
    if default is None:
        return None
    base = self.run("merge-base", default, head, check=False).strip()
    return (default, base) if base else None

staged_diff 

staged_diff(exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200000) -> Diff

Changes staged for the next commit.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def staged_diff(self, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200_000) -> Diff:
    """Changes staged for the next commit."""
    return self._collect("staged changes", ["--cached"], exclude, max_bytes)

range_diff 

range_diff(base: str, head: str, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200000, description: str | None = None) -> Diff

Changes between two revisions (base may be the empty tree).

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def range_diff(
    self,
    base: str,
    head: str,
    exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (),
    max_bytes: int = 200_000,
    description: str | None = None,
) -> Diff:
    """Changes between two revisions (``base`` may be the empty tree)."""
    description = description or f"{_short(base)}..{_short(head)}"
    return self._collect(description, [base, head], exclude, max_bytes)

worktree_diff 

worktree_diff(base: str, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200000) -> Diff

Everything since base: commits plus staged and unstaged changes.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def worktree_diff(
    self, base: str, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200_000
) -> Diff:
    """Everything since ``base``: commits plus staged and unstaged changes."""
    self.run("add", "--intent-to-add", "--all", ".")
    return self._collect(f"{base[:12]}..worktree", [base], exclude, max_bytes)

push_diff 

push_diff(refs: list[PushedRef], remote: str | None = None, exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (), max_bytes: int = 200000) -> Diff

Combined diff of everything a git push would send upstream.

Source code in src/grip_hook/git.py 
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def push_diff(
    self,
    refs: list[PushedRef],
    remote: str | None = None,
    exclude: tuple[str, ...] = (),
    max_bytes: int = 200_000,
) -> Diff:
    """Combined diff of everything a ``git push`` would send upstream."""
    parts: list[Diff] = []
    for ref in refs:
        if ref.is_delete:
            continue
        base: str | None
        if not ref.is_new and self.rev_exists(ref.remote_sha):
            base = ref.remote_sha
        else:
            base = self.unpushed_base(ref.local_sha, remote)
            if base is None and ref.is_new and remote:
                # A new branch that looks fully pushed may only look so through stale
                # remote-tracking refs; git would not be sending it otherwise.
                base = self.unpushed_base_live(ref.local_sha, remote)
        if base is None:
            continue
        part = self.range_diff(base, ref.local_sha, exclude, max_bytes)
        if not part.is_empty:
            parts.append(part)
    if not parts:
        return Diff("push", "", "", ())
    if len(parts) == 1:
        return parts[0]
    patch = "\n".join(p.patch for p in parts)
    truncated = any(p.truncated for p in parts)
    if len(patch.encode("utf-8")) > max_bytes:
        patch = patch.encode("utf-8")[:max_bytes].decode("utf-8", "ignore")
        truncated = True
    files = tuple(dict.fromkeys(f for p in parts for f in p.files))
    stat = "\n\n".join(p.stat for p in parts)
    description = "push (" + ", ".join(p.description for p in parts) + ")"
    return Diff(description, stat, patch, files, truncated)